Extraction of Metals by Pyrometallurgy and Application of Ellingham Diagram
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CHXII06:GENERAL PRINCIPLES AND PROCESSES OF ISOLATION OF ELEMENTS

321050 Iron, once dipped in concentrated \(\mathrm{\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}}\), does not displace copper from sulphate solution, because

1 It is less reactive than copper
2 A layer of sulphate is deposited on it
3 An inert layer of iron oxide is deposited on it
4 All valence electrons of iron are consumed
CHXII06:GENERAL PRINCIPLES AND PROCESSES OF ISOLATION OF ELEMENTS

321051 \(\mathrm{X, Y}\) and \(\mathrm{Z}\) in the following process are respectively:
(i) \(\mathrm{\mathrm{P}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{5}+\mathrm{X} \rightarrow \mathrm{Ca}_{3}\left(\mathrm{PO}_{4}\right)_{2}}\)
(ii) \(\mathrm{2 \mathrm{Cu}_{2} \mathrm{O}+\mathrm{Cu}_{2} \mathrm{~S} \rightarrow \mathrm{Y}+\mathrm{SO}_{2} \uparrow}\)
(iii) \(\mathrm{\mathrm{Fe}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{3}+3 \mathrm{CO} \rightarrow \mathrm{Z}+3 \mathrm{CO}_{2} \uparrow}\)

1 \(\mathrm{3 \mathrm{Ca}, \mathrm{CuSO}, \mathrm{Fe}}\)
2 \(\mathrm{3 \mathrm{Ca}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}, 6 \mathrm{Cu}, \mathrm{FeO}}\)
3 \(\mathrm{3 \mathrm{CaO}, 6 \mathrm{Cu}, 2 \mathrm{Fe}}\)
4 \(\mathrm{3 \mathrm{CaO}_{2}, \mathrm{CuS}, \mathrm{FeO}}\)
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CHXII06:GENERAL PRINCIPLES AND PROCESSES OF ISOLATION OF ELEMENTS

321050 Iron, once dipped in concentrated \(\mathrm{\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}}\), does not displace copper from sulphate solution, because

1 It is less reactive than copper
2 A layer of sulphate is deposited on it
3 An inert layer of iron oxide is deposited on it
4 All valence electrons of iron are consumed
CHXII06:GENERAL PRINCIPLES AND PROCESSES OF ISOLATION OF ELEMENTS

321051 \(\mathrm{X, Y}\) and \(\mathrm{Z}\) in the following process are respectively:
(i) \(\mathrm{\mathrm{P}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{5}+\mathrm{X} \rightarrow \mathrm{Ca}_{3}\left(\mathrm{PO}_{4}\right)_{2}}\)
(ii) \(\mathrm{2 \mathrm{Cu}_{2} \mathrm{O}+\mathrm{Cu}_{2} \mathrm{~S} \rightarrow \mathrm{Y}+\mathrm{SO}_{2} \uparrow}\)
(iii) \(\mathrm{\mathrm{Fe}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{3}+3 \mathrm{CO} \rightarrow \mathrm{Z}+3 \mathrm{CO}_{2} \uparrow}\)

1 \(\mathrm{3 \mathrm{Ca}, \mathrm{CuSO}, \mathrm{Fe}}\)
2 \(\mathrm{3 \mathrm{Ca}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}, 6 \mathrm{Cu}, \mathrm{FeO}}\)
3 \(\mathrm{3 \mathrm{CaO}, 6 \mathrm{Cu}, 2 \mathrm{Fe}}\)
4 \(\mathrm{3 \mathrm{CaO}_{2}, \mathrm{CuS}, \mathrm{FeO}}\)
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