For the preparation of sodium carbonate by Solvay process, raw materials used are \(\mathrm{NaCl}\), \({\rm{N}}{{\rm{H}}_{\rm{3}}}\,\,{\rm{and}}\,\,{\rm{Ca}}\,{{\rm{(OH)}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{(for}}\,\,{\rm{C}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{)}}{\rm{.}}\) The process involves the following reactions. \(\begin{aligned}& \mathrm{NH}_{3}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}+\mathrm{CO}_{2} \longrightarrow \mathrm{NH}_{4} \mathrm{HCO}_{3} \\& \mathrm{CaCO}_{3} \stackrel{\Delta}{\longrightarrow} \mathrm{CaO}+\mathrm{CO}_{2} \\& \mathrm{NaCl}+\mathrm{NH}_{4} \mathrm{HCO}_{3} \longrightarrow \mathrm{NaHCO}_{3}+\mathrm{NH}_{4} \mathrm{Cl}\end{aligned}\) \(\mathrm{CaO}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O} \longrightarrow \mathrm{Ca}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}\) \(2 \mathrm{NH}_{4} \mathrm{Cl}+\mathrm{Ca}(\mathrm{OH})_{2} \longrightarrow \mathrm{CaCl}_{2}+2 \mathrm{NH}_{3}\) \(+2 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\) \(2 \mathrm{NaHCO}_{3} \stackrel{\Delta}{\longrightarrow} \mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}+\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) Most of the \(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\) can be recovered in the process.
CHXI10:THE S-BLOCK ELEMENTS
315990
The following reaction that is not associated with the Solvay process of manufacture of sodium carbonates is
The reaction \(2 \mathrm{NaOH}+\mathrm{CO}_{2} \longrightarrow \mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\) is not encountered in Solvay process.
CHXI10:THE S-BLOCK ELEMENTS
315991
The principle involved in Ammonia -solvay process is
1 Low solubility of \(\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}\)
2 high solubility of \(\mathrm{NaHCO}_{3}\)
3 Low solubility of \(\mathrm{NaHCO}_{3}\)
4 High hydration energy and lattice energy of \(\mathrm{NaHCO}_{3}\)
Explanation:
Conceptual Questions
CHXI10:THE S-BLOCK ELEMENTS
315992
Washing soda on standing in air effloresces. How many water molecules are lost?
1 10
2 9
3 1
4 5
Explanation:
\({\mathrm{\underset{\text { Washing soda }}{\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3} \cdot 10 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}} \rightleftharpoons \underset{\text { Monohydrate }}{\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3} \cdot \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}}}}\) During efflorescence, 9 water molecules are lost.
CHXI10:THE S-BLOCK ELEMENTS
315993
Sodium carbonate is manufactured by
1 Lawing process
2 Le-blanc process
3 Solvay process
4 Haber's process
Explanation:
\(\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}\) is manufactured by Solvay process. In this process, \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) is bubbled through a solution of \(\mathrm{NaCl}\) saturated with \(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\). The precipitated \(\mathrm{NaHCO}_{3}\) is filtered and decomposed to \(\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}\) by heating. Lawing process is used for manufacture of \(\mathrm{NaOH}\),Le-blanc process is now obsolete.Haber's process is used for the manufacture of \(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\).
For the preparation of sodium carbonate by Solvay process, raw materials used are \(\mathrm{NaCl}\), \({\rm{N}}{{\rm{H}}_{\rm{3}}}\,\,{\rm{and}}\,\,{\rm{Ca}}\,{{\rm{(OH)}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{(for}}\,\,{\rm{C}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{)}}{\rm{.}}\) The process involves the following reactions. \(\begin{aligned}& \mathrm{NH}_{3}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}+\mathrm{CO}_{2} \longrightarrow \mathrm{NH}_{4} \mathrm{HCO}_{3} \\& \mathrm{CaCO}_{3} \stackrel{\Delta}{\longrightarrow} \mathrm{CaO}+\mathrm{CO}_{2} \\& \mathrm{NaCl}+\mathrm{NH}_{4} \mathrm{HCO}_{3} \longrightarrow \mathrm{NaHCO}_{3}+\mathrm{NH}_{4} \mathrm{Cl}\end{aligned}\) \(\mathrm{CaO}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O} \longrightarrow \mathrm{Ca}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}\) \(2 \mathrm{NH}_{4} \mathrm{Cl}+\mathrm{Ca}(\mathrm{OH})_{2} \longrightarrow \mathrm{CaCl}_{2}+2 \mathrm{NH}_{3}\) \(+2 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\) \(2 \mathrm{NaHCO}_{3} \stackrel{\Delta}{\longrightarrow} \mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}+\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) Most of the \(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\) can be recovered in the process.
CHXI10:THE S-BLOCK ELEMENTS
315990
The following reaction that is not associated with the Solvay process of manufacture of sodium carbonates is
The reaction \(2 \mathrm{NaOH}+\mathrm{CO}_{2} \longrightarrow \mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\) is not encountered in Solvay process.
CHXI10:THE S-BLOCK ELEMENTS
315991
The principle involved in Ammonia -solvay process is
1 Low solubility of \(\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}\)
2 high solubility of \(\mathrm{NaHCO}_{3}\)
3 Low solubility of \(\mathrm{NaHCO}_{3}\)
4 High hydration energy and lattice energy of \(\mathrm{NaHCO}_{3}\)
Explanation:
Conceptual Questions
CHXI10:THE S-BLOCK ELEMENTS
315992
Washing soda on standing in air effloresces. How many water molecules are lost?
1 10
2 9
3 1
4 5
Explanation:
\({\mathrm{\underset{\text { Washing soda }}{\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3} \cdot 10 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}} \rightleftharpoons \underset{\text { Monohydrate }}{\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3} \cdot \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}}}}\) During efflorescence, 9 water molecules are lost.
CHXI10:THE S-BLOCK ELEMENTS
315993
Sodium carbonate is manufactured by
1 Lawing process
2 Le-blanc process
3 Solvay process
4 Haber's process
Explanation:
\(\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}\) is manufactured by Solvay process. In this process, \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) is bubbled through a solution of \(\mathrm{NaCl}\) saturated with \(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\). The precipitated \(\mathrm{NaHCO}_{3}\) is filtered and decomposed to \(\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}\) by heating. Lawing process is used for manufacture of \(\mathrm{NaOH}\),Le-blanc process is now obsolete.Haber's process is used for the manufacture of \(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\).
For the preparation of sodium carbonate by Solvay process, raw materials used are \(\mathrm{NaCl}\), \({\rm{N}}{{\rm{H}}_{\rm{3}}}\,\,{\rm{and}}\,\,{\rm{Ca}}\,{{\rm{(OH)}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{(for}}\,\,{\rm{C}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{)}}{\rm{.}}\) The process involves the following reactions. \(\begin{aligned}& \mathrm{NH}_{3}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}+\mathrm{CO}_{2} \longrightarrow \mathrm{NH}_{4} \mathrm{HCO}_{3} \\& \mathrm{CaCO}_{3} \stackrel{\Delta}{\longrightarrow} \mathrm{CaO}+\mathrm{CO}_{2} \\& \mathrm{NaCl}+\mathrm{NH}_{4} \mathrm{HCO}_{3} \longrightarrow \mathrm{NaHCO}_{3}+\mathrm{NH}_{4} \mathrm{Cl}\end{aligned}\) \(\mathrm{CaO}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O} \longrightarrow \mathrm{Ca}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}\) \(2 \mathrm{NH}_{4} \mathrm{Cl}+\mathrm{Ca}(\mathrm{OH})_{2} \longrightarrow \mathrm{CaCl}_{2}+2 \mathrm{NH}_{3}\) \(+2 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\) \(2 \mathrm{NaHCO}_{3} \stackrel{\Delta}{\longrightarrow} \mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}+\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) Most of the \(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\) can be recovered in the process.
CHXI10:THE S-BLOCK ELEMENTS
315990
The following reaction that is not associated with the Solvay process of manufacture of sodium carbonates is
The reaction \(2 \mathrm{NaOH}+\mathrm{CO}_{2} \longrightarrow \mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\) is not encountered in Solvay process.
CHXI10:THE S-BLOCK ELEMENTS
315991
The principle involved in Ammonia -solvay process is
1 Low solubility of \(\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}\)
2 high solubility of \(\mathrm{NaHCO}_{3}\)
3 Low solubility of \(\mathrm{NaHCO}_{3}\)
4 High hydration energy and lattice energy of \(\mathrm{NaHCO}_{3}\)
Explanation:
Conceptual Questions
CHXI10:THE S-BLOCK ELEMENTS
315992
Washing soda on standing in air effloresces. How many water molecules are lost?
1 10
2 9
3 1
4 5
Explanation:
\({\mathrm{\underset{\text { Washing soda }}{\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3} \cdot 10 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}} \rightleftharpoons \underset{\text { Monohydrate }}{\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3} \cdot \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}}}}\) During efflorescence, 9 water molecules are lost.
CHXI10:THE S-BLOCK ELEMENTS
315993
Sodium carbonate is manufactured by
1 Lawing process
2 Le-blanc process
3 Solvay process
4 Haber's process
Explanation:
\(\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}\) is manufactured by Solvay process. In this process, \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) is bubbled through a solution of \(\mathrm{NaCl}\) saturated with \(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\). The precipitated \(\mathrm{NaHCO}_{3}\) is filtered and decomposed to \(\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}\) by heating. Lawing process is used for manufacture of \(\mathrm{NaOH}\),Le-blanc process is now obsolete.Haber's process is used for the manufacture of \(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\).
For the preparation of sodium carbonate by Solvay process, raw materials used are \(\mathrm{NaCl}\), \({\rm{N}}{{\rm{H}}_{\rm{3}}}\,\,{\rm{and}}\,\,{\rm{Ca}}\,{{\rm{(OH)}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{(for}}\,\,{\rm{C}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{)}}{\rm{.}}\) The process involves the following reactions. \(\begin{aligned}& \mathrm{NH}_{3}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}+\mathrm{CO}_{2} \longrightarrow \mathrm{NH}_{4} \mathrm{HCO}_{3} \\& \mathrm{CaCO}_{3} \stackrel{\Delta}{\longrightarrow} \mathrm{CaO}+\mathrm{CO}_{2} \\& \mathrm{NaCl}+\mathrm{NH}_{4} \mathrm{HCO}_{3} \longrightarrow \mathrm{NaHCO}_{3}+\mathrm{NH}_{4} \mathrm{Cl}\end{aligned}\) \(\mathrm{CaO}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O} \longrightarrow \mathrm{Ca}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}\) \(2 \mathrm{NH}_{4} \mathrm{Cl}+\mathrm{Ca}(\mathrm{OH})_{2} \longrightarrow \mathrm{CaCl}_{2}+2 \mathrm{NH}_{3}\) \(+2 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\) \(2 \mathrm{NaHCO}_{3} \stackrel{\Delta}{\longrightarrow} \mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}+\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) Most of the \(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\) can be recovered in the process.
CHXI10:THE S-BLOCK ELEMENTS
315990
The following reaction that is not associated with the Solvay process of manufacture of sodium carbonates is
The reaction \(2 \mathrm{NaOH}+\mathrm{CO}_{2} \longrightarrow \mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\) is not encountered in Solvay process.
CHXI10:THE S-BLOCK ELEMENTS
315991
The principle involved in Ammonia -solvay process is
1 Low solubility of \(\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}\)
2 high solubility of \(\mathrm{NaHCO}_{3}\)
3 Low solubility of \(\mathrm{NaHCO}_{3}\)
4 High hydration energy and lattice energy of \(\mathrm{NaHCO}_{3}\)
Explanation:
Conceptual Questions
CHXI10:THE S-BLOCK ELEMENTS
315992
Washing soda on standing in air effloresces. How many water molecules are lost?
1 10
2 9
3 1
4 5
Explanation:
\({\mathrm{\underset{\text { Washing soda }}{\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3} \cdot 10 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}} \rightleftharpoons \underset{\text { Monohydrate }}{\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3} \cdot \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}}}}\) During efflorescence, 9 water molecules are lost.
CHXI10:THE S-BLOCK ELEMENTS
315993
Sodium carbonate is manufactured by
1 Lawing process
2 Le-blanc process
3 Solvay process
4 Haber's process
Explanation:
\(\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}\) is manufactured by Solvay process. In this process, \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) is bubbled through a solution of \(\mathrm{NaCl}\) saturated with \(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\). The precipitated \(\mathrm{NaHCO}_{3}\) is filtered and decomposed to \(\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}\) by heating. Lawing process is used for manufacture of \(\mathrm{NaOH}\),Le-blanc process is now obsolete.Haber's process is used for the manufacture of \(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\).
For the preparation of sodium carbonate by Solvay process, raw materials used are \(\mathrm{NaCl}\), \({\rm{N}}{{\rm{H}}_{\rm{3}}}\,\,{\rm{and}}\,\,{\rm{Ca}}\,{{\rm{(OH)}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{(for}}\,\,{\rm{C}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{)}}{\rm{.}}\) The process involves the following reactions. \(\begin{aligned}& \mathrm{NH}_{3}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}+\mathrm{CO}_{2} \longrightarrow \mathrm{NH}_{4} \mathrm{HCO}_{3} \\& \mathrm{CaCO}_{3} \stackrel{\Delta}{\longrightarrow} \mathrm{CaO}+\mathrm{CO}_{2} \\& \mathrm{NaCl}+\mathrm{NH}_{4} \mathrm{HCO}_{3} \longrightarrow \mathrm{NaHCO}_{3}+\mathrm{NH}_{4} \mathrm{Cl}\end{aligned}\) \(\mathrm{CaO}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O} \longrightarrow \mathrm{Ca}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}\) \(2 \mathrm{NH}_{4} \mathrm{Cl}+\mathrm{Ca}(\mathrm{OH})_{2} \longrightarrow \mathrm{CaCl}_{2}+2 \mathrm{NH}_{3}\) \(+2 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\) \(2 \mathrm{NaHCO}_{3} \stackrel{\Delta}{\longrightarrow} \mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}+\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) Most of the \(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\) can be recovered in the process.
CHXI10:THE S-BLOCK ELEMENTS
315990
The following reaction that is not associated with the Solvay process of manufacture of sodium carbonates is
The reaction \(2 \mathrm{NaOH}+\mathrm{CO}_{2} \longrightarrow \mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\) is not encountered in Solvay process.
CHXI10:THE S-BLOCK ELEMENTS
315991
The principle involved in Ammonia -solvay process is
1 Low solubility of \(\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}\)
2 high solubility of \(\mathrm{NaHCO}_{3}\)
3 Low solubility of \(\mathrm{NaHCO}_{3}\)
4 High hydration energy and lattice energy of \(\mathrm{NaHCO}_{3}\)
Explanation:
Conceptual Questions
CHXI10:THE S-BLOCK ELEMENTS
315992
Washing soda on standing in air effloresces. How many water molecules are lost?
1 10
2 9
3 1
4 5
Explanation:
\({\mathrm{\underset{\text { Washing soda }}{\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3} \cdot 10 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}} \rightleftharpoons \underset{\text { Monohydrate }}{\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3} \cdot \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}}}}\) During efflorescence, 9 water molecules are lost.
CHXI10:THE S-BLOCK ELEMENTS
315993
Sodium carbonate is manufactured by
1 Lawing process
2 Le-blanc process
3 Solvay process
4 Haber's process
Explanation:
\(\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}\) is manufactured by Solvay process. In this process, \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) is bubbled through a solution of \(\mathrm{NaCl}\) saturated with \(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\). The precipitated \(\mathrm{NaHCO}_{3}\) is filtered and decomposed to \(\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}\) by heating. Lawing process is used for manufacture of \(\mathrm{NaOH}\),Le-blanc process is now obsolete.Haber's process is used for the manufacture of \(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\).
