1 Calcium acetate is heated with conc. \({H_2}S{O_4}\)
2 Calcium formate is heated with calcium acetate
3 Glycerol is heated with oxalic acid at \({110^o}C\)
4 Acetaldehyde is oxidised with \({K_2}C{r_2}{O_7}\) and \({H_2}S{O_4}\)
Explanation:
$\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{COOH} \\
{|\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,} \\
{COOH}
\end{array}$ $\mathop {\xrightarrow{{{\text{Glycerol,}}{\kern 1pt} 110\,\,{\,^o}C}}}\limits_{{\text{Decarboxylation}}} HCOOH + C{O_2}$