1 adaptive divergence
2 adaptive divergence of widely separated species
3 adaptive convergence of widely different species
4 adaptive convergence of closely related groups.
Explanation:
Parallelism is adaptive convergence of closely related groups. Parallelism, also known as parallel structure.
- Adaptive convergent evolution, which refers to the same or similar phenotypes produces by species from independent lineages under similar selective pressures, has been widely examined for a long time.