318232
Anhydrous \(\mathrm{AlCl}_{3}\) is used as a catalyst in the Friedel-Crafts reaction because it is
1 an electron-rich molecule
2 soluble in ether
3 ionisable to \(\mathrm{Al}^{3+}\) and \(\mathrm{Cl}^{-}\)
4 an electron-deficient molecule
Explanation:
Anhyd. \(\mathrm{AlCl}_{3}\) acts as a Lewis acid.
CHXI13:HYDROCARBONS
318233
Assertion : In nitration, \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}\) is used as nitronium ion producer. Reason : Benzene has multi center \(\pi\) bonding.
1 Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation of the Assertion.
2 Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the correct explanation of the Assertion.
3 Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
4 Assertion is incorrect but Reason is correct.
Explanation:
Benzene has delocalised \(3 \pi\)-bonds . In the process of nitration, \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}\) (sulfuric acid) is utilized as the nitronium ion \(\left(\mathrm{NO}_{2}^{+}\right)\) producer. This reaction involves the combination of concentrated nitric acid \(\left(\mathrm{HNO}_{3}\right)\) with sulfuric acid \(\left(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}\right)\), resulting in the formation of nitronium ions and other species. The reaction proceeds as follows: \(\mathrm{HNO}_{3}+2 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4} \rightarrow 2 \mathrm{HSO}_{4}^{-}+\mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}^{+}+\mathrm{NO}_{2}^{+}\) So, option (2) is correct.
CHXI13:HYDROCARBONS
318234
Benzene reacts with sulphuric acid to form benzenesulphonic acid, only when the sulphuric acid is
1 cold and dilute
2 hot and dilute
3 hot and concentrated
4 mixed with \(\mathrm{HNO}_{3}\)
Explanation:
Conceptual Questions
CHXI13:HYDROCARBONS
318235
Decreasing order of reactivity toward electrophilic substitution for the following compounds is
1 D \(>\) A \(>\) E \(>\) C \(>\) B
2 A \(>\) D \(>\) E \(>\) B \(>\) C
3 C \(>\) B \(>\) A \(>\) D \(>\) E
4 E \(>\) D \(>\) A \(>\) B \(>\) C
Explanation:
Correct decreasing order of reactivity towards electrophilic substitution for following compounds is
In \( - {\rm{C}}{{\rm{H}}_3}, - {\rm{OC}}{{\rm{H}}_3}\) & \({\rm{C}}{{\rm{F}}_3},{\rm{C}}{{\rm{H}}_3}\) & \( - {\rm{OC}}{{\rm{H}}_3}\) are electron donating groups .Hence they activate the benzene nucleus. The \(-\mathrm{CF}_{3}\) groups deactivates the benzene nucleus, so it shows lower rate of electrophilic substitution on benzene ring.
318232
Anhydrous \(\mathrm{AlCl}_{3}\) is used as a catalyst in the Friedel-Crafts reaction because it is
1 an electron-rich molecule
2 soluble in ether
3 ionisable to \(\mathrm{Al}^{3+}\) and \(\mathrm{Cl}^{-}\)
4 an electron-deficient molecule
Explanation:
Anhyd. \(\mathrm{AlCl}_{3}\) acts as a Lewis acid.
CHXI13:HYDROCARBONS
318233
Assertion : In nitration, \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}\) is used as nitronium ion producer. Reason : Benzene has multi center \(\pi\) bonding.
1 Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation of the Assertion.
2 Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the correct explanation of the Assertion.
3 Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
4 Assertion is incorrect but Reason is correct.
Explanation:
Benzene has delocalised \(3 \pi\)-bonds . In the process of nitration, \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}\) (sulfuric acid) is utilized as the nitronium ion \(\left(\mathrm{NO}_{2}^{+}\right)\) producer. This reaction involves the combination of concentrated nitric acid \(\left(\mathrm{HNO}_{3}\right)\) with sulfuric acid \(\left(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}\right)\), resulting in the formation of nitronium ions and other species. The reaction proceeds as follows: \(\mathrm{HNO}_{3}+2 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4} \rightarrow 2 \mathrm{HSO}_{4}^{-}+\mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}^{+}+\mathrm{NO}_{2}^{+}\) So, option (2) is correct.
CHXI13:HYDROCARBONS
318234
Benzene reacts with sulphuric acid to form benzenesulphonic acid, only when the sulphuric acid is
1 cold and dilute
2 hot and dilute
3 hot and concentrated
4 mixed with \(\mathrm{HNO}_{3}\)
Explanation:
Conceptual Questions
CHXI13:HYDROCARBONS
318235
Decreasing order of reactivity toward electrophilic substitution for the following compounds is
1 D \(>\) A \(>\) E \(>\) C \(>\) B
2 A \(>\) D \(>\) E \(>\) B \(>\) C
3 C \(>\) B \(>\) A \(>\) D \(>\) E
4 E \(>\) D \(>\) A \(>\) B \(>\) C
Explanation:
Correct decreasing order of reactivity towards electrophilic substitution for following compounds is
In \( - {\rm{C}}{{\rm{H}}_3}, - {\rm{OC}}{{\rm{H}}_3}\) & \({\rm{C}}{{\rm{F}}_3},{\rm{C}}{{\rm{H}}_3}\) & \( - {\rm{OC}}{{\rm{H}}_3}\) are electron donating groups .Hence they activate the benzene nucleus. The \(-\mathrm{CF}_{3}\) groups deactivates the benzene nucleus, so it shows lower rate of electrophilic substitution on benzene ring.
318232
Anhydrous \(\mathrm{AlCl}_{3}\) is used as a catalyst in the Friedel-Crafts reaction because it is
1 an electron-rich molecule
2 soluble in ether
3 ionisable to \(\mathrm{Al}^{3+}\) and \(\mathrm{Cl}^{-}\)
4 an electron-deficient molecule
Explanation:
Anhyd. \(\mathrm{AlCl}_{3}\) acts as a Lewis acid.
CHXI13:HYDROCARBONS
318233
Assertion : In nitration, \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}\) is used as nitronium ion producer. Reason : Benzene has multi center \(\pi\) bonding.
1 Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation of the Assertion.
2 Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the correct explanation of the Assertion.
3 Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
4 Assertion is incorrect but Reason is correct.
Explanation:
Benzene has delocalised \(3 \pi\)-bonds . In the process of nitration, \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}\) (sulfuric acid) is utilized as the nitronium ion \(\left(\mathrm{NO}_{2}^{+}\right)\) producer. This reaction involves the combination of concentrated nitric acid \(\left(\mathrm{HNO}_{3}\right)\) with sulfuric acid \(\left(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}\right)\), resulting in the formation of nitronium ions and other species. The reaction proceeds as follows: \(\mathrm{HNO}_{3}+2 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4} \rightarrow 2 \mathrm{HSO}_{4}^{-}+\mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}^{+}+\mathrm{NO}_{2}^{+}\) So, option (2) is correct.
CHXI13:HYDROCARBONS
318234
Benzene reacts with sulphuric acid to form benzenesulphonic acid, only when the sulphuric acid is
1 cold and dilute
2 hot and dilute
3 hot and concentrated
4 mixed with \(\mathrm{HNO}_{3}\)
Explanation:
Conceptual Questions
CHXI13:HYDROCARBONS
318235
Decreasing order of reactivity toward electrophilic substitution for the following compounds is
1 D \(>\) A \(>\) E \(>\) C \(>\) B
2 A \(>\) D \(>\) E \(>\) B \(>\) C
3 C \(>\) B \(>\) A \(>\) D \(>\) E
4 E \(>\) D \(>\) A \(>\) B \(>\) C
Explanation:
Correct decreasing order of reactivity towards electrophilic substitution for following compounds is
In \( - {\rm{C}}{{\rm{H}}_3}, - {\rm{OC}}{{\rm{H}}_3}\) & \({\rm{C}}{{\rm{F}}_3},{\rm{C}}{{\rm{H}}_3}\) & \( - {\rm{OC}}{{\rm{H}}_3}\) are electron donating groups .Hence they activate the benzene nucleus. The \(-\mathrm{CF}_{3}\) groups deactivates the benzene nucleus, so it shows lower rate of electrophilic substitution on benzene ring.
318232
Anhydrous \(\mathrm{AlCl}_{3}\) is used as a catalyst in the Friedel-Crafts reaction because it is
1 an electron-rich molecule
2 soluble in ether
3 ionisable to \(\mathrm{Al}^{3+}\) and \(\mathrm{Cl}^{-}\)
4 an electron-deficient molecule
Explanation:
Anhyd. \(\mathrm{AlCl}_{3}\) acts as a Lewis acid.
CHXI13:HYDROCARBONS
318233
Assertion : In nitration, \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}\) is used as nitronium ion producer. Reason : Benzene has multi center \(\pi\) bonding.
1 Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation of the Assertion.
2 Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the correct explanation of the Assertion.
3 Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
4 Assertion is incorrect but Reason is correct.
Explanation:
Benzene has delocalised \(3 \pi\)-bonds . In the process of nitration, \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}\) (sulfuric acid) is utilized as the nitronium ion \(\left(\mathrm{NO}_{2}^{+}\right)\) producer. This reaction involves the combination of concentrated nitric acid \(\left(\mathrm{HNO}_{3}\right)\) with sulfuric acid \(\left(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}\right)\), resulting in the formation of nitronium ions and other species. The reaction proceeds as follows: \(\mathrm{HNO}_{3}+2 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4} \rightarrow 2 \mathrm{HSO}_{4}^{-}+\mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}^{+}+\mathrm{NO}_{2}^{+}\) So, option (2) is correct.
CHXI13:HYDROCARBONS
318234
Benzene reacts with sulphuric acid to form benzenesulphonic acid, only when the sulphuric acid is
1 cold and dilute
2 hot and dilute
3 hot and concentrated
4 mixed with \(\mathrm{HNO}_{3}\)
Explanation:
Conceptual Questions
CHXI13:HYDROCARBONS
318235
Decreasing order of reactivity toward electrophilic substitution for the following compounds is
1 D \(>\) A \(>\) E \(>\) C \(>\) B
2 A \(>\) D \(>\) E \(>\) B \(>\) C
3 C \(>\) B \(>\) A \(>\) D \(>\) E
4 E \(>\) D \(>\) A \(>\) B \(>\) C
Explanation:
Correct decreasing order of reactivity towards electrophilic substitution for following compounds is
In \( - {\rm{C}}{{\rm{H}}_3}, - {\rm{OC}}{{\rm{H}}_3}\) & \({\rm{C}}{{\rm{F}}_3},{\rm{C}}{{\rm{H}}_3}\) & \( - {\rm{OC}}{{\rm{H}}_3}\) are electron donating groups .Hence they activate the benzene nucleus. The \(-\mathrm{CF}_{3}\) groups deactivates the benzene nucleus, so it shows lower rate of electrophilic substitution on benzene ring.
