Explanation:
On adding sodium hydroxide to the \(\mathrm{ZnSO}_{4}\) solution, first the white precipitate of zinc hydroxide is obtained, which dissolves in excess of \(\mathrm{NaOH}\) due to the formation of sodium zincate.
\({{\rm{ZnS}}{{\rm{O}}_4} + 2{\rm{NaOH}} \to \;\;{\rm{Zn}}{{({\rm{OH}})}_2}{\mkern 1mu} + {\rm{N}}{{\rm{a}}_2}{\rm{S}}{{\rm{O}}_4}}\)
\({{\mkern 1mu} \,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,{\rm{White}}({\rm{in}}\,{\rm{soluble}})}\)
\({\;\;{\rm{Zn}}{{({\rm{OH}})}_2} + 2{\rm{NaOH}} \to {\rm{N}}{{\rm{a}}_2}{\rm{Zn}}{{\rm{O}}_2} + 2{{\rm{H}}_2}{\rm{O}}}\)
\({{\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} \,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,{\rm{Sodium}}\,{\rm{zincate}}}\)
\({{\mkern 1mu} \,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,{\mkern 1mu} ({\rm{soluble}})}\)